Archive for the ‘Thai language’ Category

Thai Language – Comparisons

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Structural Practice: maȃk kwaà”, “dii kwaà

                                   (more than, better than)

 

Example:

 

  1. khaǒ lͻͻ̀ kwaà khun jing jing
  2. thәә tham ngaan naan kwaà chăn
  3. phiî chaay phǒm waȃy nám kèng kwaà phǒm
  4. phiî saăw chăn suăy kwaà chăn
  5. khun mii ngәn maȃk kwaà khaǒ

 

                                                                                                         nai raán aa-haăn”

             (In a restaurant)

 

Vocabulary

 

nͻͻ́ng nͻͻ́ng = waiter/waitress           trong nií      = here

khaȃng        = near                                      naȃ-taàng    = window

rͻͻ diăw      =  a second/a moment    sàng            = to order

kεεng khiăw waăn kài = green sweet curry with chicken

phàt phàk ruam   = fried mixed vegetable

plaa tͻ̑ͻt krà-thiam = deep fried fish with garlic

khaȃw plaàw  = plain rice       khε̑ε nií kͻ̀ͻn = that’s all/ that’s it

kәәn kwaȃ            = over/more than  riȃk             = to call

diăw  = a second/a moment               pai duu hȃi = to check out

lǔa                        = remaining          chaá            = slow

n    = other                                     yang            =  thing

phә̑m                    =   one more

 

Mini Talk

 

A:      nͻͻ́ng nͻͻ́ng nȃng trong nií dȃi măi khá

B:      kiì khon khráp

A:      4 khon khá

B:      ngán trong khaȃng naȃ-taàng dii kwaȃ khráp

A:      nͻͻ́ng khá  khͻͻ̆ Menu duȃy khà

B:      rͻͻ diăw na khráp

A:      khͻͻ̆ sàng kεεng khiăw waăn kài phàt phàk ruam plaa tͻ̑ͻt krà-thiam lέ khaȃw plaàw  khε̑ε nií kͻ̀ͻn khà

B:      thaȃ rͻͻ naan kәәn kwaȃ 20 naa thii  riȃk phǒm dȃi na khráp

A:      khͻ̀ͻp khun khà

A:      nͻͻ́ng nͻͻ́ng aa-haăn yang mȃi dȃi lәәy khà

B:      khráp diăw phǒm pai duu hȃi khráp

          ………..dȃi lέεw khráp lǔa plaa tͻ̑ͻt krà-thiam chaá kwaà aa-haăn n

          phrͻ̑ͻ waȃ khon sàng maȃk kwaà yaàng n

                                                                        

A:      ngán rao kin pai rͻͻ pai là kan

B:      maa lέεw khráp plaa tͻ̑ͻt krà-thiam

A:      dii maȃk nͻͻ́ng rao kamlang à-rͻͻ̀y lәәy khà

B:      khͻ̀ͻp khun khráp sàng à -rai phә̑m mái khráp

A:      nám yen phә̑m nͻ̀ͻy khà

 

 

Structural Practice:       Verb + pai + Verb + pai   

 

Meaning:     “Do two activities at the same time”

 

Example:

 

  1. kin pai rͻͻ pai
  2. chim pai bòn pai
  3. fang pai yím pai
  4. rian pai khuy pai
  5. kin pai khuy pai

 

Drills:
chim =                                               bòn =

fang =                                                yím =

rian  =                                               khuy =

Thai Language – Occupations

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Structural Practice: “aa-chiîp kaan ngaan”  (Occupations)

     “tham maa haă kin”

     (Working for supporting yourself)

Example:

 

  1. khun mii aa-chiîp kaan ngaan à-rai khá
  2. chăn yaàk hȃi luȗk chaay mii kaan ngaan dii dii
  3. thәә tham maa haă kin à-rai tͻͻn nií
  4. phǒm mȃi ruú waȃ jà tham maa haă kin
  5. khaǒ mii aa-chiîp kaan ngaan thiî dii lăng rian jòp

 

                                                                                                      “thaăm thaang”

(Asking the Way)

 

Vocabulary

 

thε̆εw nií     =                                    riȃk waȃ      =

tàlaàt tàlaàt =                                    thaăm thaang =

roong-rεεm =                                    khàp khȃo  =

tha-nǒn       =                                    yεεk            =

liáw khwaă =                                    hĕn              =

 

 

Mini Talk

 

A:      khun…khá  thε̆εw nií riȃk waȃ à-rai   

B:      tàlaàt Prá-baàt khráp

A:      khͻͻ̆ thaăm thaang nͻͻ̀y khà jà pai roong-rεεm “Wiang

          Thͻͻng”

B:      khàp khȃo tha-nǒn Super Highway lέεw thŭng

          yεεk Wiang Thͻͻng liáw khwaă kͻ̑ hĕn roong-rεεm là khráp

A:      khͻͻ̀p khun khà

Drills

 

tham ngaan          =                                    khruu                             =

liáng chiîp   =                                    khrͻ̑ͻp khrua        =

pràyàt                  =                                    sǒngsaăn              =

Thai Language – Verb to “Get”, Verb to “Want”

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Verb to “Get”, Verb to “Want”               =       “ao” / “yaàk dȃi”

 

Example: 

chan mȃi ao dȃi mái

phǒm yaàk dȃi sȗa siĭ khiăw

phȗak rao yaàk dȃi ma-haă-witayalai dii dii

ao khaȃw phàt muŭ

 

Unit 12

“pai s khͻ̆ͻng”

(Go for Shopping)

Vocabulary

 

phͻ̑ͻ khaá   =       seller/merchant (male)    mɛ̑ɛ khaá = seller/merchant (female)

krà-paǒ       =       bag                                 bai     =     classifier (hollow objects)

phɛɛng pai  =       too expensive                 lót dȃi măi = can discount?

yang            =       still                                 ìik      =       one more (again)

khaàt tua    =       the last price                            luȗk khaá = customer

tͻ̀̀ͻ               =       negotiate                        kèng  =       good/expert

 

 

Mini Talk

 

A:      phͻ̑ͻ khaá khá krà-paǒ bai nií raa khaa thaô rai khá

B:      2000 Baht khráp

A:      Oh… phɛɛng pai na khá  lót dȃi măi khá

B:      dȃi 1500 Baht khráp

A:      yang phɛɛng pai na khá  lót ìik dȃi măi khá

B:      dȃi 1000 Baht khaàt tua

A:      mȃi ao yang phɛɛng pai na khá 

B:      khun pen luȗk khaá thiȋ tͻ̀̀ͻ kèng jing jing

A:      mȃi yaàk dȃi lәәy  khͻ̆ͻ thoôt duȃy na khá 

 

Structural Practice  “phɛɛng pai”, “lót dȃi măi”

 

Example:

  1. krà-proong tua nií phɛɛng pai
  2. tham mai mȃi tͻ̀̀ͻ raa khaa ìik
  3. yang phɛɛng pai
  4. lót dȃi măi
  5. lót dȃi thaô rai

Thai Language – Family & Kinship Terms

Monday, September 14th, 2009

“khrͻ̑ͻp khrua sùk săn”

Vocabulary

 paȃ    =       aunt                                                  

nuŭ    =       I (very polite)

khͻ̑ͻy =       a bit                                                  

lung   =       uncle

saăm wan dii siì wan khȃi  =  frequently sick               

khȃi wàt = catch a cold

yɛ̑ɛ jang  =  too bad                                             

pai yiȃm =  go to visit

yaay  =       grandmother    (mother’s side)             

taa     =       grandfather  (mother’s side)

yaȃ    =       grandmother (father’s side)                       

puù   =       grandfather  (father’s side)

naá    =       aunt / uncle (younger sister or brother of mother)        

aa      =       aunt / uncle (younger sister or brother of father)

mŭan kan      = the same                                        

pùay =       sick

tͻ̑ͻng           = must                                              

duu-lɛɛ  =    look after, take care

khrͻ̑ͻp khrua = family                                         

sùksăn  =   happy                                                                        

Mini talk

 A:      sàwàtdii khà khun paȃ sà-baay dii măi khá

B:      sàwàtdii khà paȃ sà-baay dii nuŭ là sà-baay dii măi

A:      mȃi khͻ̑ͻy sà-baay ləəy

B:      khun lung saăm wan dii siì wan khȃi

A:      lɛέw naá Siree là khá

B:      thəə pùay pen khȃi wàt

A:      Oh… yɛ̑ɛ jang na khá  khun paȃ pai yiȃm khun yaay bang r plaàw

B:      phə̑ng pai maa  khun yaay kap khun taa sà-baay dii

A:      khun puù Yen kap khun yaȃ Siĭ pùay

B:      nuŭ tͻ̑ͻng duu-lɛɛ dii dii na khá

A:      khà  khun paȃ kͻ̑ mŭan kan   

B:      khrͻ̑ͻp khrua rao tͻ̑ͻng duu-lɛɛ kan dii dii

A:      nuŭ yaàk hȃi pen khrͻ̑ͻp khrua sùk săn na khá

 

Drill

phiî nͻ́ͻng   =                                                    phiî chaay      =

phiî saăw    =                                                    nͻ́ͻng chaay             =

nͻ́ͻng saăw =                                                   khon sùt thͻ́ͻng =

khwaam sùk         =                                          rao thúk-khon =

 

Structural Practice    “yuù dii mii sùk”    = good standard of living

yuù dii  = good living                        mii sùk        =       with happiness

Example:

  1. thiî Lampang rao yuù dii mii sùk
  2. thiî năi rao yuù dii mii sùk
  3. khrͻ̑ͻp khrua rao yuù dii mii sùk
  4. phiî nͻ́ͻng khun yuù dii mii sùk r plaàw
  5. thúk-khon thiî muang Thai kin dii yuù dii phȗak rao jung yuù dii mii sùk

Thai Language – Complex Vowels

Monday, September 14th, 2009
Short Complex vowels Long Complex Vowels A Combination of Two Single Vowels
ia iaa i + a
ua uaa u + a
ua uaa u +  a
- ai a + i
  am  
  ao a + o

 

“sĭaa jai jing jing”

 

 

A: phŏm sĭaa jai jing jing pai kin khȃaw yen dȗay mȃi dȃi

B: mȃi pen rai khá

A: khun waȃng wan saŏ wan aa-thít măi khráp

B: waȃng khá

A: Ngán rao pai kin khȃaw yen thîi ráan aa-hăan dȗay kan na khráp

B: kin aa-hăan jiin dii măi khá

A: dii khráp

B: khun jai dii jing jing na khá kreeng jai mȃak

A: yaà kreeng jai

B: khà khun jai dii jing jing

  

Small Quiz

Make a phrase/sentence with the below given words.

 

1. sĭaa jai

…………………………………………………………………………………..

2. dii jai

……………………………………………………………………………………..

3. khȃo jai

………………………………………………………………………………………

4. hĕn jai

………………………………………………………………………………………

5. plɛ̀ɛk jai

Thai Language – Colors in Thai

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Colors in Thai

White  =      siĭ  khaăw                      Yellow        =  siĭ luăng

Black  =      siĭ dam                           Red             =  siĭ dɛɛng

Blue =       siĭ faá                                       Brown        =  siĭ námtaan

Purple  =     siĭ muâng                       Green                   =  siĭ khiăw

Gray    =     siĭ thao                           Gold           =  siĭ thͻͻng

Silver   =     siĭ ngәn      

 

phleeng Thai  (Thai song)

“Lͻͻy Krathong”

 

wan phen duan sìp sͻͻ̌ng                  nám kͻ̑  nͻͻng  tem  thà-lìng  

rao thang-laăy chaay yĭng                 sànùk  kan jing  wan lͻͻy krathong  

lͻͻy lͻͻy krathong  lͻͻy lͻͻy krathong                 

lͻͻy krathong kan lɛɛ́w            khͻ̌ chən nͻͻ́ng kɛɛ̂w maa ruȃm ram wong 

ram wong wan lͻͻy krathong                     ram wong wan lͻͻy krathong  

bun jà song hȃi rao sùk jai                bun jà song hȃi rao sùk jai

 

“Cháang Cháang Cháang”

cháang  cháang  cháang                     nͻͻ́ng khəəy hĕn cháang r plaàw

cháang man tua too mȃi bao             jàmùk yaaw yaaw  riȃk waȃ  nguang

mii khiȃw tȃi nguang riȃk waȃ  ngaa

mii huŭ mii taa haăng yaaw

 

Drills

rao thang-laăy  =                               sànùk          =

kan jing            =                               sùk jai         =

khəəy              =                                hĕn              =

mȃi bao           =                                jàmùk                   =

nguang            =                                ngaa            =

huŭ                 =                                taa              =

haăng                       =                                yaaw           = 

Thai Language – Positive & Negative Sentences

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Vocabulary

Positive Statements

Negations

waây nám pen mái waây pen waây mâi pen
jam phŏm dâi mái jam dâi jam mâi dâi
dâi-yin mái dâi-yin mâi dâi yin
hĕn mái hĕn mâi hĕn

 

“pai sòng jòt-maăy thiî tham-kaan prai-sà-nii”

(Sending a letter at the post office)

Vocabulary

waây nám   =   to swim                             pen     =  to be able (ability)

jam             =   to remember                       dâi-yin = to hear

hĕn              =   to see                                  sòng     =  to send

jòt-maăy     =  a letter                          tham-kaan prai-sà-nii = post office

klài             =  near                                     klai      =  far

phεεng        =  expensive                                      phrɔ́-waâ =   because

nám-nàk     =  weight                                 bao      =   light

____________________________________________________________

Expression: “pai sòng jòt-maăy thiî tham-kaan prai-sà-nii”

Example:

wan nií chăn pai sòng jòt-maăy thiî tham-kaan prai-sà-nii  klâi baân

 

Example I

A:  pai waây nám kan mái khráp

B:  mâi pai khà

A:  tham-mai khráp

B:  jà pai sòng jòt-maăy thiî tham-kaan prai-sà-nii  khà

A:  hĕn khun pai sòng jòt-maăy bɔɔ̀y bɔɔ̀y

B:  mii fεεn yuù muang Jiin khà

A:  jing jing rŭu

B:  jing khà  tεὲng ngaan 3 pii lεέw

A:  phǒm òk hàk ləəy nà sì

Example II

A:  khun pai sòng jòt-maăy thiî klai mái

B:  tham-kaan prai-sà-nii yuù klâi baân

A:  sà-tεεm raa khaa thaô-rai

B:  15 baht

A:  mâi phεεng

B:  phrɔ́ waâ nám-nàk bao

 

Structural Practice

mâi dâi       =       cannot  (put “mâi dâi”  at the end of the sentence)

  1. chăn tham mâi dâi                  I cannot do it.
  2. phɔɔ̂ pai mâi dâi                                   Father cannot go.
  3. mεε̂ kin mâi dâi                       Mother cannot eat.
  4. phiî chaay nɔɔn mâi dâi                             Elder brother cannot sleep.
  5. khaǒ rák thəə mâi dâi             He cannot love her.

 

mâi dâi       =       did not (put “mâi dâi” before the main verb to effect

negation in the past)  

  1. chăn mâi dâi  tham                 I did not do it.
  2. phɔɔ̂ mâi dâi  pai                              Father did not go.
  3. mεε̂ mâi dâi  kin                      Mother did not eat.
  4. phiî chaay mâi dâi  nɔɔn                           Elder brother did not sleep.
  5. khaǒ mâi dâi  rák thəə            He did not love her.

Thai Language – Days of the week and Months

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Day of Week

Thai

Day wan
Week sàp daa
Monday wan jan
Tuesday wan ang-khaan
Wednesday wan phút
Thursday wan pharúhàt
Friday wan sùk
Saturday wan săo
Sunday wan aathít

 

Month

Thai

Month duan
January màkàraakhom
February kumphaphan
March meenaakhom
April meesăayon
May phrúphaakhom
June mithùnaayon
July karakàdaakhom
August singhaăkhom
September kanyaayon
October tùlaakhom
November phrúsàjikaayon
December thanwaakhom

Let’s Go

Vocaburary

pai kan thə̀  =       Let’s go                          diăw pai      =       leave soon

yuù             =       stay                                thií niì         =       here

yaàk            =       want                               jing jing       =       really

chaá chaá    =       slowly                            chəən kɔɔ̀n   =       go first, please

diăw maa    =       come later                      maa dâi mái          =       Can you come?

________________________________________________________________

Practical Expression:  “pai kan thə̀”

Example I:

A:      wan săo nií wâang   mái

B:      mài wâang jing jing

          tham mai

A:      yaàk phaa pai thiâw Chiangrai

B:      dii jang ləəy

A:      ngán wan aathít  pai dâi mái

B:      dâi khà

Example II:

A:      duan meesaă mii wan yùt laăy wan

          maa Krung theêp dâi mái khráp

B:      pai mâi dâi khà

          nát kap phûan  jà pai thiâw thîi Phuket

A:      ngan duan thanwaa na khráp

B:      dâi khà nát kan iìk khráng na khá

 Drills

wâang         =                                              nát              =      

phûan                   =                                              pai thiâw    =

iìk khráng   =                                              jang ləəy     =

phaa           =

________________________________________________________________

Structural Practice

“diăw pai”  “diăw maa”   =  literally means “leave soon and come later”

 =  never stay/live anywhere for long time (idiomatic translation)

 Practice

  1. Somsak diăw pai diăw maa muang jiin kàp muang Thai
  2. Daeng diăw pai diăw maa Lampang kàp Krung Theêp
  3. chăn chɔɔ̂p yuù mâi pen thîi diăw pai diăw maa laăy pràthêet

Thai Language – Yes-No Questions and Tag Questions

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Yes-No Questions and Tag Questions

  1. We put “mái”, “rúplàaw”, “rú mâi”, rú yang  at the end of sentences.
  2. To answer Yes-No questions, the verb or auxiliary verb in the question is repeated for an affirmative answer or negated in a negative answer. 
  3. The following table summarizes answer forms used for different types of questions.

Question

Meaning

Affirmative Answer

Negative Answer

  1. pai mái
Go? pai mâi pai
  1. kin rú plàaw
Eat? kin mâi kin
  1. jà pai rú mâi
Go or not? (jà) pai (jà) mâi pai
  1. tham rú yang 
Done yet? (jà) tham

tham lέεw

yang mâi tham

yang

 

 

Tag Question

  1. Put “châi mái”, “châi rú plaàw” at the end of sentence.

Question

Meaning

Affirmative Answer

Negative Answer

chɔɔ̂p châi mái Like it.  Right? châi mâi châi
s sûa châi rú plaàw Buy a shirt  Right? châi mâi châi

 

Telling Time

  1. Use “thâo rai” at the end of sentence.
  2. Start with “weelaa” at the beginning of sentence.
  3. Colloquial term “kiì moong”.

 

Question

Meaning

Answer

Answer

weelaa thâo rai What time? 10 moong chaó baày 1 moong
kiì moong What time? 6 moong yen thiâng khuun

 

At a barber’s

 

Barber:                 sàwàtdii khráp

Customer:            tàt phŏm phuû chaay thâo rai khráp

Barber:                 50 baht khráp

Customer:            sà phŏm dûay châi mái khráp

Barber:                 châi khráp

Customer:            naan mái khráp

Barber:                 30 naa thii

Customer:            kiì moong lεέw

Barber:                 baày 3 moong

Customer:            phrûng nií maa mài pai tham thùrá kɔɔ̀n

Barber:                 khɔɔ̀p khun khráp

Thai Language – Classifiers

Monday, September 14th, 2009

CLASSIFIERS

Classifiers in Thai language.  We put these classifiers after numbers. See the following tables.

an อัน for small objects, things (in general)

 sìng khɔɔ̆ng 1 an 

chà-bàp  ฉบับ for letters,   newspapers

Jòd maăy 1 chà-bàp = 1 letter

chɔɔ̀ ช่อ for bunches of flowers

dɔɔ̀k maáy laăy chɔɔ̀   = a bunch of flowers

baan บาน for windows, doors, picture frames, mirrors

prà tuu 1 baan

bai ใบ for round hollow objects , leaves

 bai maáy 1 bai

dɔɔ̀k ดอก for flowers

dɔɔ̀k maáy laăy dɔɔ̀k

duang ดวง for stars, postage stamps

khuun nií mii daaw laăy

fɔɔng ฟอง for poultry eggs

Khài 1 fɔɔng

hɔɔ̀ ห่อ for bundles, parcels

maamà  1 hɔɔ̀

bai ใบ for drinking glasses, tumblers

kε̆εw 6 bai

khan คัน for vehicles, umbrellas,cars

ròm 5 khan

khon คน for a person, a child, human beings

khon 100 khon

kh คู่ for pairs of articles, forks and spoons

rɔɔng thaó 6 kh

lam ลำ for boats, ships, aeroplanes

khruâng bin 9 lam

lăng หลัง for houses, mosquito nets

baân 1 lăng

m เล่ม for books, candles, scissors

năng suŭ 15m

phεὲn แผ่น for sheets of paper, pieces of planks

krà daàd 45 phεὲn

phŏn ผล for fruits

phŏn là maáy 26 phŏn

thuây ถ้วย for ceramic cups

thuây kaa fεε 8 thuây

tôn ต้น for trees, plants, posts

tôn maáy 4 tôn

tua ตัว for animals, insects, fish, tables and chairs, shirts, pants, coats, other living creatures

sûa 20 tua